The Journal of Innovation and Technology (Inovtek) Polbeng is a scientific research-based journal established by Bengkalis State Polytechnic in 2011. It serves as the institution's pioneering journal. The INOVTEK Journal Polbeng publishes a variety of scientific articles including research findings, original research articles, reviews, and scientific studies. Given the journal’s focus and scope, it accepts articles specifically in the field of engineering, with a particular emphasis on marine technology. Journal title Inovtek Polbeng: Jurnal Inovasi Teknologi Politeknik Negeri Bengkalis Initials IP Frequency 2 issues per year DOI Prefix 10.35314 by Crossref ISSN Media Online : 2580-2798 Media Print : 2088-6225 Acreditation SINTA 5 No SK: 10/C/C3/DT.05.00/2025 Editor-in-chief Budhi Santoso Publisher P3M Politeknik Negeri Bengkalis Citation Analysis Google Scholar, Crossref
ANALISIS MODIFIKASI TIE ROD pada JIB CRANE untuk MENINGKATKAN KAPASITAS ANGKAT MENGGUNAKAN METODE ELEMEN HINGGA
Jib cranes are widely used lifting devices in industrial operations due to their simple construction, high operational flexibility, and ability to handle material transfer within limited working areas. This study aims to analyze the structural response of an original jib crane design and evaluate the effect of adding a tie rod on lifting capacity improvement using the finite element method (FEM). The analysis was conducted on two configurations: the original design without a tie rod and a modified design with an additional tie rod. Numerical simulations were performed using Fusion 360 with ASTM A36 steel material under several static loading conditions. The analyzed parameters included von Mises stress, total deformation, and safety factor. The simulation results showed that the original design remained safe under a load of 750 kg, with a maximum stress of 96.11 MPa, a deformation of 1.582 mm, and a safety factor of 2.58. However, when the load was increased to 1,000 kg, the maximum stress rose to 286.40 MPa, exceeding the material yield strength and reducing the safety factor to 0.87, indicating an unsafe condition. The addition of a tie rod significantly improved the structural performance. Under a 750 kg load, the maximum stress decreased to 30.70 MPa, deformation was reduced to 1.115 mm, and the safety factor increased to 8.10. Furthermore, under a 1,500 kg load, the modified structure still exhibited a maximum stress of only 61.32 MPa with a safety factor of approximately 4. The results demonstrate that the tie rod effectively reduces the bending moment acting on the boom, enhances structural stiffness, and safely increases the lifting capacity. Therefore, the tie rod modification can be considered an effective engineering solution for improving the performance and safety of jib cranes in industrial applications.
KAJIAN EKSPERIMENTAL PENGARUH TEKANAN INJEKTOR TERHADAP PERFORMA MESIN DIESEL BERPISTON LSCS UNTUK APLIKASI PERMESINAN KAPAL
Diesel engines are widely used in marine machinery applications due to their robust construction and ability to operate under varying loads. However, combustion efficiency remains an important issue because it affects power, torque, and fuel consumption. This study aims to analyze the effect of injector pressure variation on the performance of a single-cylinder diesel engine equipped with an LSCS piston. The experiment was conducted using a Jiangdong ZH1115N diesel engine with injector pressure variations of 170 bar, 180 bar, and 190 bar. The engine was tested at 1000–1400 rpm under electrical loads of 2000–4000 W. The analyzed parameters included power, torque, brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), and brake mean effective pressure (BMEP). The results show that the 190 bar injector pressure produced the best performance, with a maximum power of 2.72 kW, maximum torque of 18.65 Nm, lowest BSFC of 371.06 g/kWh, and maximum BMEP of 1.95 bar. Compared with 180 bar, the 190 bar pressure increased power by 1.87%, increased torque by 1.96%, reduced BSFC by 7.32%, and increased BMEP by 2.09%. Therefore, the 190 bar injector pressure can be recommended as the best operating pressure for the LSCS piston diesel engine within the tested range.
ANALISIS PERFORMANCE HULL VANE NACA 4418 PADA KAPAL PATROLI 14,1 M DENGAN VARIASI SUDUT SERANG 5° DAN 10° MENGGUNAKAN COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS
Patrol boats are a strategic national asset for archipelagic countries such as Indonesia, playing a vital role in enforcing maritime sovereignty and securing vast territorial waters. Their operational effectiveness relies on high-speed cruising, superior maneuverability, and optimal fuel economy, as they frequently undertake prolonged sea missions. This study investigates the impact of the NACA 4418 hydrofoil (Hull Vane) attack angle on the total resistance of a 14.1‑meter patrol boat cruising at 25 knots, corresponding to a Froude number of approximately 0.65. Three‑dimensional numerical simulations were executed using ANSYS Fluent 2020 R2 with a pressure‑based, steady‑state, single‑phase solver and the k‑ω SST turbulence model, examining attack angles of 5° and 10°. The simulations were performed on a 1:5 scaled model (waterline length of 2.4 m), adhering to standard towing tank testing protocols. Model validation against the Holtrop‑Mennen empirical method for the bare hull showed a deviation below 3%. The findings reveal that the 5° angle reduces model resistance by 7.8% (dropping from 134.59 N to 124.16 N) with a peak pressure of 7,566 Pa, whereas the 10° angle achieves only a 3.5% reduction while exhibiting higher pressure (8,125 Pa). Visualization of streamlines and pressure contours identifies significant flow separation on the suction side at 10°, which degrades performance. Notably, propulsion efficiency improves by 5.1% at the optimal 5° configuration. Consequently, the NACA 4418 at a 5° attack angle delivers the most effective resistance reduction among the tested variants for small high‑speed patrol vessels. This research offers preliminary quantitative evidence and practical design guidance for retrofitting existing patrol boats operating in Indonesian waters.
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN BENTUK HALUAN TERHADAP TOTAL RESISTANCE PADA KAPAL FERRY RO-RO RUTE PELAYARAN PENDEK
Ro-Ro ferry ships serve as a vital means of transportation connecting Bengkalis Island (Air Putih) and mainland Sumatera (Sungai Selari). The operational efficiency of these vessels is significantly influenced by total resistance, which is directly proportional to fuel consumption. One geometric factor affecting this resistance is the modification of the bow shape. This study aims to analyze and compare the total resistance of two Ro-Ro ferry models sharing identical principal dimensions (L = 42.3 m, B = 11.8 m, H = 3.1 m, T = 2.03 m, Cb = 0.7), but featuring distinct bow geometries. Simulations were conducted using specialized software across a speed range of 0 to 14 knot s. The vessel with the wider bow exhibited variations in the distribution of frictional resistance and wave-making resistance due to changes in the wetted surface area (WSA) and waterline shape. This research provides a crucial contribution to the hull form design optimization of short-route Ro-Ro ferries to enhance energy efficiency and reduce fuel consumption.
EVALUASI CACAT PERMUKAAN SAMBUNGAN LAS SMAW PADA POSISI 1F, 2F, 4F, DAN 5F MENGGUNAKAN LIQUID PENETRANT TEST BERDASARKAN STANDAR ASME SECTION V
This study aims to evaluate the quality of fillet weld joints produced by the shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) process in positions 1F, 2F, 4F, and 5F using the liquid penetrant test (PT) method in accordance with ASME Section V Article 6, with reference to the acceptance criteria of ASME Section IX. The research method employed is a descriptive quantitative experimental approach on low-carbon steel specimens. The testing was conducted to identify surface defects such as undercut, porosity, spatter, underfill, and incomplete fusion. The results indicate that weld joints in positions 1F and 2F are classified as acceptable because only minor defects such as undercut and spatter were found, remaining within the allowable tolerance limits of the standard. In position 5F, undercut indications were also observed at several locations; however, they still met the acceptance criteria. In contrast, position 4F exhibited undercut, underfill, and incomplete fusion defects that exceeded the allowable limits and were therefore classified as rejected. These findings demonstrate that variations in welding position significantly affect weld joint quality. In conclusion, proper control of welding parameters and compliance with applicable standards are critical in determining the quality and reliability of SMAW weld joints in construction applications. This study is expected to serve as a reference for improving NDT inspection quality in the welding industry and enhancing the safety and reliability of weld-based structures in modern construction practices on a sustainable global scale.
ANALISA ENGINE PROPELLER MATCHING dan PENGARUHNYA TERHADAPA KONSUMSI BAHAN BAKAR
The ship's propulsion system consists of a main motor as the power source, a propeller shaft as the power transmission, and a propeller as the thrust generator. Thrust must be greater than the ship's resistance, so the selection of the main motor and propulsion system must be carried out correctly. The compatibility between the ship's hull, main motor, and propeller, called engine-propeller matching (EPM), is very important. This study aims to determine the magnitude of EPM power and its effect on fuel consumption. Primary and secondary data collection methods are used to obtain data on the basic dimensions of the ship and engine data, which are on five ships on the Ambon-Manopa shipping route. The lines plan is depicted, and the propulsion system is designed, which has been carried out in previous research. Then, analyzing the engine propeller matching, the operating point is obtained at 50% propeller efficiency, with a rotation of 94.44%, requiring 79.08% power with a propeller load of 424 Nm so that it can reach a speed of 8 knots and 2. Fuel use at ship speed variations from 4 to 9 knots shows that in engine propeller matching conditions, the amount of fuel used is 2250.24 gr / Kw.h at a speed of 8 knots.
STUDI EVALUASI STABILITAS DAN KESELAMATAN FAST PASSENGER BOAT BERDASARKAN KONDISI PERUBAHAN MUATAN
Ship stability is a critical factor in ensuring the safety and performance of passenger vessels during marine operations. This study aims to analyze the effect of different loading Conditions on the stability characteristics of a high-speed passenger ferry under five scenarios: Lightship, Departure Full PAX, Arrival Full PAX, Departure No PAX, and Arrival No PAX. The analysis was conducted using hydrostatic principles and righting arm (GZ) curves to obtain key stability parameters such as metacentric height (GM), maximum righting arm (GZmax), maximum heel angle (θmax), and the area under the GZ curve. The methodology involved calculating the ship’s hydrostatic data, center of gravity position (KG), and load distribution for each Condition. GM values were determined from the relationship between the metacentric height (KM) and KG, while the GZ curve was analyzed up to 90° to evaluate dynamic stability. The results indicate that the Lightship Condition provides the highest stability, with GM = 6.721 m and GZmax = 0.52 m at 30°, representing optimal restoring capability. In contrast, the Departure Full PAX Condition is the most critical, with GM = 2.313 m and GZmax = 0.12 m at 26°, showing a significant reduction in restoring moment due to the elevated center of gravity caused by passenger and fuel load on the upper decks. The Departure No PAX and Arrival No PAX Conditions demonstrate strong stability, with GZ areas exceeding the safety threshold set by the International Code on Intact Stability. Overall, all operating Conditions satisfy the IMO and SOLAS stability criteria, although a notable reduction in stability occurs during Full loading Conditions. Therefore, maintaining balanced passenger distribution, limiting deck loads, and implementing regular stability monitoring systems are recommended to ensure safe and efficient vessel operation.
ANALISIS KEBUTUHAN ZINC ANODE PADA SISTEM PROTEKSI KATODIK ELNUSA SAMUDERA 8 ACCOMMODATION BARGE
Steel structures on ships and offshore buildings are highly susceptible to corrosion due to exposure to seawater containing high levels of chloride ions, particularly in aggressive marine-brackish environments such as the Mahakam Delta in East Kalimantan. These conditions have the potential to accelerate the degradation of hull plate thickness, reduce structural reliability, and increase maintenance costs and the risk of operational disruptions. This study aims to analyze the optimal zinc anode requirements for the Elnusa Samudera 8 Accommodation Barge cathodic protection system, with reference to NACE and DNV standards. This includes determining the total protection current, mass, number, and configuration of anodes according to the design life. The research method involved calculating the protection current based on the wetted area, design current density, anode capacity, and evaluating the protection distribution and efficiency. The analysis results show that the cathodic protection system with 82 zinc anode units is capable of providing a protection current of 27.65 A with an efficiency of nearly 100% and a protection life of five years. This system reduces the corrosion rate to below the safety limit and has the potential to extend the structure's lifespan to more than 20 years through periodic anode replacement. These findings indicate that the cathodic protection system design implemented has met the relevant technical requirements and design standards.
ANALISIS FENOMENA PEMBEKUAN EVAPORATOR DAN KOMPRESOR PADA SISTEM AC SENTRAL KAPAL DENGAN KOMPRESOR SEMIHERMETIK CARLYLE 06EA599 DAN REFRIGERAN R-407
Abstract Centralized air-conditioning systems on ships often experience severe frosting on the evaporator and suction line, which reduces cooling performance and poses risks to the compressor. This study aims to analyze the root causes of frosting in a marine AC system using a Carlyle 06EA599 semi-hermetic compressor and R-407C refrigerant, and to provide technical recommendations to improve system reliability. The applied case-study method was used through direct inspection, pressure–temperature measurements, superheat/subcooling evaluation, and component assessment based on the Carlyle Service Guide. The results show that low evaporating pressure (3.2 bar), near-zero superheat, liquid floodback, and TXV hunting were the dominant causes of frosting. Refrigerant overcharge and high engine-room temperature further aggravated system imbalance. In conclusion, adjusting TXV superheat, reducing refrigerant charge, and verifying airflow were effective in eliminating flooding and stabilizing system performance.
DESAIN LIFT BARANG (DUMWAITER) PADA KAPAL MENGGUNAKAN PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA GELOMBANG LAUT (PLTGL)
Abstract The transportation of goods between decks on cargo ships is a crucial part of efficient and productive operations. One solution to improve this efficiency is the use of a dumbwaiter system. However, this system requires a stable energy supply, which is often a challenge on cargo ships due to dependence on fossil fuels. In an effort to support maritime sustainability and reduce environmental impact, this study integrates the dumbwaiter system with a Wave Energy Converter (WEC) as a renewable energy source. The objective of this research is to design an efficient and environmentally friendly dumbwaiter system while assessing the technical, economic, and environmental feasibility of using WEC as a power source. The dumbwaiter system is designed using a pulley mechanism and an electric motor capable of transporting loads up to 1,000 kg. The WEC is designed to convert ocean wave energy into electricity using a buoy and generator system, with the generated energy stored in batteries as a backup power source. The system has a maximum safety factor of 15 and a deformation value of 0.083, indicating it is within a safe limit. This study concludes that integrating the dumbwaiter system with WEC is an innovative step toward supporting the sustainability of the maritime industry. This system not only reduces dependence on fossil fuels but also improves energy efficiency, lowers long-term operational costs, and contributes to reducing carbon emissions. With further development and field testing, this technology has the potential to be widely implemented in modern cargo ships.
ANALISIS VALIDASI PERHITUNGAN HIDROSTATIK KAPAL NIAGA: PERBANDINGAN ANTARA METODE MANUAL DAN SIMULASI KOMPUTASI MENGGUNAKAN MAXSURF
Abstract This study aims to validate hydrostatic calculations, which are a crucial aspect of ship design to ensure data accuracy in accordance with maritime safety standards. The results compare hydrostatic calculations between conventional manual methods and Maxsurf software simulations for a 90-meter cargo vessel. Utilizing Maxsurf Modeler, a three-dimensional hull model and analysis of key hydrostatic parameters at various waterlines were performed. The findings show an average deviation of hydrostatic parameters of 1.23%, well below the maximum allowable limit of 5%. The highest deviation was observed in Wetted Surface Area (WSA) at 1.48%, while Waterplane Area (WPA) ranged from 0.72% to 1.17%. All form coefficients (CW, CM, CB, CP) exhibited deviations below 2%. Stability parameters such as TPC and MTC also showed low deviations, 0.4% and 1.16% respectively. The positions of the buoyancy center and metacentric point had deviations below 2%. The results validate the high consistency between manual and Maxsurf calculations and affirm the validity of Maxsurf as the primary tool for designing and verifying hydrostatic data. Furthermore, this research underscores the importance of integrating manual and digital methods to ensure the precision and reliability of ship designs in compliance with maritime safety standards.
ANALISIS KOMPARATIF EFEKTIVITAS ROBOT PERMUKAAN DAN BAWAH AIR DALAM OPERASI PENYELAMATAN MARITIM
Abstract This study investigates the effectiveness of surface robots (USVs) and underwater robots (AUVs/ROVs) in maritime rescue operations in Indonesia. This is due to a 37.6% increase in ship accidents in the archipelago, which has 17,000 islands, in 2024 compared to 93 cases in 2023. The objective is to identify the strengths and weaknesses of each robot in the context of an ideal SAR strategy that supports national maritime policy. Detection accuracy, range, and response speed in tropical climates were measured through literature studies, software simulations, and real-case evaluations. The results show that USVs are better at fast mobility (15-25 knots) and wide coverage (50 km), while AUVs/ROVs are better at depth (1,000 m) with high accuracy (±1 m). The results include communication protocols, operator training, and integration strategies for SAR operations in Indonesia. By combining both, SAR effectiveness increases by up to 40%.Keywords: surface robot, underwater robot, maritime rescue, comparative analysis, SAR
ANALISA PENGARUH VARIASI SUDUT CHINE PADA LAMBUNG KAPAL PATROLI DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE CFD
Abstract Patrol boats play a vital role in maintaining maritime security, enforcing laws, and monitoring national waters. To support these missions, patrol boats require high-speed performance and optimal hydrodynamic efficiency. One method to enhance vessel performance is by modifying the hull form, specifically through the addition of chine variations. This study aims to analyze the effect of chine shape variations on the total resistance of the boat. Five design variations were analyzed: the original design, single chine 10°, double chine 0°, and double chine 10°, each tested at speeds of 2 knots, 10 knots, and 20 knots. The simulation results show that the double chine shape with a 10° angle delivers the best overall performance. At a speed of 10 knots, the double chine 10° variation yielded the lowest total resistance of 4145.86 N and demonstrated good efficiency, even though the wetted surface area (WSA) increased to 15.913162 m². At 2 knots, this variation also showed near-optimal results with a resistance of 1371.34 N. At 20 knots, it exhibited a resistance of 5795.54 N with a WSA of 11.378655 m². These results prove that the combination of the number and angle of the chine has a significant impact on the hydrodynamic performance of patrol boats, and the double chine 10° design is the most efficient choice for reducing resistance without a significant increase in WSA.
TANTANGAN MANAJEMEN PEMBANGUNAN KAPAL DI INDONESIA
Abstract The shipbuilding industry in Indonesia holds a vital role in realizing the country’s vision as a global maritime axis, yet it still faces many serious challenges. At the macro level, these challenges include global market fluctuations and restricted access to financing. At the micro level, shipyards struggle with limited facilities, inefficient supply chain management, and long construction cycles, which weaken competitiveness. This study uses a literature review method by analyzing academic publications, industry reports, and previous studies. The purpose is to identify the gap between management practices in advanced shipbuilding nations and current conditions in Indonesia, as well as to highlight opportunities for improvement. International experience shows that South Korea, Japan, and Singapore have successfully strengthened their shipbuilding industries by adopting digital technologies, developing green innovations, and creating supportive financial policies. In contrast, Indonesia is constrained by high loan interest rates (8%-14%), reliance on imported materials, and high financial risks. The findings highlight the need for digital-based management reform and more accessible financing schemes. Including shipbuilding as part of national infrastructure projects would also open wider financing options. With breakthrough measures and stronger collaboration across sectors, Indonesia can close existing gaps, improve competitiveness, and strengthen its role in the global shipbuilding industry.
ANALISIS DEFLECTION SHAFT PROPELLER TB FAREL 11 DI PT. DUTABAHARI MENARA LINE DOCKYAD
Abstract The ship's propeller shaft is an integral part of the ship's propulsion installation that connects the ship's engine to the propeller. The engine's rotation is transmitted to the propeller through the shaft, so the shaft significantly affects the engine's performance. The propeller shaft can wear out due to use and long operating time. Case study of the TB. Farel 11 tugboat that pulled an overcrowded barge. Damage to the bearings and propeller shaft is caused by prolonged use time. When the propeller shaft wears out, the ship becomes unstable and experiences excessive vibration during operation. When handled, damage to the propeller shaft can be easily repaired. Turning the ship's propeller shaft is one repair method that can be done. The results can be seen in sea trial testing to demonstrate good propeller shaft performance. The next suggestion is to use materials that have been tested according to minimum standards to ensure the working performance of the propeller shaft.
DESAIN KAPAL WISATA SEBAGAI PENUNJANG PARIWISATA DI DANAU PLTA KOTO PANJANG DI TINJAU DARI POWER ENGINE
The artificial lake of the Koto Panjang Hydroelectric Power Plant (PLTA Koto Panjang) is a central area for hydroelectric power generation, located in Koto Kampar District, Kampar Regency. In addition to electricity generation, the beautiful natural panorama surrounding the PLTA Koto Panjang Kampar has turned the area into a tourist destination. Visitors are not only treated to the captivating view of the lake but also two additional attractions: a stunning waterfall and the mesmerizing flow of the Gulamo River. The existence of the Gulamo River has sparked the idea of utilizing it for transportation through the use of tourist boats. Therefore, a boat design is needed, developed through direct comparisons with existing boats, resulting in the following dimensions: LOA = 13.2 m; LWL = 12.57 m; B = 3.53 m; H = 1.48 m; T = 0.54 m; Vs = 17 knots, with a passenger capacity of 25 people. Based on the boat’s specifications, an engine power analysis was carried out using computerized modeling with Maxsurf’s Hullspeed program. Using the slender body method, the results showed a total resistance of 17.5 kN and an engine power requirement of 179.8 HP at a speed of 17 knots.
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN KEKUATAN KONSTRUKSI PARALLEL MIDDLE BODY OIL TANKER 5000DWT MENGGUNAKAN METODE TEORI BALOK DAN FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
A crude oil tanker is a tanker designed to transport crude oil. This type of ship plays a crucial role in the distribution process of oil and its derivatives. To achieve optimal efficiency, the ship is designed with a strong structure according to allowable modulus, enabling it to carry more cargo. In the structural design of the ship, analysis of construction strength across the entire vessel is essential. The method used for this analysis involves numerical methods and the Finite Element Method. Based on the analysis of the cross-sectional construction, the total weight of the ship under full load conditions is 7021.59 tons. The buoyant forces on the ship in even keel, sagging, and hogging conditions are 7028.99, 7027.62, and 7021.65 tons respectively, resulting in a moment of inertia on the horizontal axis of IH = 149.4 m4. With these cross-sectional dimensions, the maximum bending moment is determined to be 24.73 N/mm2. The bending moment results in a shear stress of 1.10 N/mm2. Furthermore, Finite Element Analysis (FEA) was conducted, revealing the highest maximum stress during hogging conditions at 16546 MPa. The maximum deflection under hogging conditions was found to be 7661.6 mm.
ANALISA PENGARUH VARIASI SUDUT BILGA KEEL TERHADAP GERAKAN KAPAL CEPAT TIPE CREW BOAT
In the process of ship design and planning, speed, stability, and maneuverability are important factors in determining a ship's operational performance. Fast ships are designed to achieve high speeds, often facing challenges related to stability and maneuverability, especially when dealing with extreme and varied sea conditions during operations. One of the innovations made to improve the stability and performance of fast boats is the addition of a bilge keel. The model in this study is a crew boat type fast vessel with a length of 38 m, a width of 7.6 m, a height of 3.65 m, and a draft of 1.89 m. In the study, the RAO values and wave spectra for each harmonic motion of the ship, namely heaving, rolling, and pitching, will be compared. Next, an analysis of the effect of adding a bilge keel to the crew boat was conducted using four bilge keel angles: 15°, 30°, 45°, and 60°. The installation angle of the bilge keel was measured from the intersection of the ship's center line and water line, with the bilge keel dimensions being 19 m in length, 0.3 m in width, and 6 mm in thickness. From the analysis results that have been conducted, it shows that the addition of the bilge keel has been able to reduce the magnitude of the ship's motion. For the ship's seakeeping analysis results, the response from the heave and roll movements on the bilge keel at a 45° angle showed better responses than other models, with a heave RAO value of 2.369 m/m and a roll RAO value of 4.503 deg/m. Meanwhile, for the pitch movement response, using the bilge keel at a 45° angle yielded a RAO value of 2.815 deg/m.
ANALISA TAHAN DAN PEMILIHAN MESIN INDUK KAPAL IKAN BERBAHAN FIBERGELASS BERUKURAN 5GT
With a potential of 12.01 million tons annually, Indonesia's marine fish resources are abundant throughout its territorial the waters of the Indonesian Exclusive Economic Zone (ZEEI), which is separated into nine Indonesian territorial waters. Of these, 46 tons annually are found in the Riau Provisnsi area. The number of practical fishing boats, however, is still insufficient to support Indonesia's potential for large fish resources. These factors, in accordance with the standard, lead to enough issues, such as figuring out the power of the ship motor that was designed and figuring out the smallest obstacles that could be present in order to calculate the power ship with a 5GT load size. It is required to examine the ship's performance for this reason. In this case, the author uses the Holtrop, Fung, and van Oortmerssen methods to anticipate the ship's resistance using the Maxsurf software. With ship speeds reaching 12 knots, the Holtrop method experiments show that 5GT fishing boats generate 4.1 Kn of resistance with a power requirement of 41.44 horsepower; the Fung method shows that 5GT fishing boats generate 4.6 Kn of resistance with a power requirement of 46.66 horsepower; and the van Oortmerssen method shows that 5GT fishing boats generate 4.8 Kn of resistance with a power requirement of 48.88 horsepower, so from the average value obtained here, the author recommends the selection of a 50 horsepower main machine.
IMPLEMENTASI PERHITUNGAN HYDROSTATIKA UNTUK SAFE LOADING CONDITION KAPAL BARGE 240 FEET
The 240-ft (≈ 73.15 m) Barge is widely employed for bulk coal transport, making the determination of its Safe loading condition essential for preserving static stability and ensuring operational Safety. This study implements a comprehensive suite of hydrostatic calculations—including the development of hydrostatic Tabels and righting arm (GZ) Curves, modeling of Metacentric radii (BMₜ, BMₗ), and evaluation of Metacentric Heights (GMₜ, GMₗ)—alongside a Trim analysis to determine the Longitudinal Centre of Flotation (LCF), Longitudinal Centre of buoyancy (LCB), and Moment to Change Trim (MCT) across six draft conditions (0.719–4.000 m). Numerical inclining experiments yielded area under the GZ Curve values ranging from 0.0850 to 0.1930 m·rad and a Range of stability (θ₀) of 23.6°–27.5°, satisfying local Barge criteria (area ≥ 0.08 m·rad; θ₀ ≥ 20°) but falling short of the IMO threshold (θ₀ ≥ 30°). Load combinations, supplemented by combined LCG and VCG calculations, produced a Safe loading envelope with deadweight limits of 1 157–5 225 tonnes and an optimal LCG Range of 41.00–41.60 m for each draft. Comparison with IMO MSC.267(85) and national Barge regulations confirms that the vessel can operate Safely provided the cargo is stowed within the envelope zone, GMₜ ≥ 0.15 m, area under GZ ≥ 0.08 m·rad, and θ₀ ≥ 20°. This study offers quantitative guidelines for vessel operators and designers to plan coal loading accurately, minimize the risk of capsizing, and comply with both international and local stability standards.
ANALISIS KEKUATAN MATERIAL KOMPOSIT PERPADUAN SERAT RAMI DAN SERAT TAPIS SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF FIBERGLASS
In the shipbuilding industry, composites are widely used in the construction of ship hulls due to their unique advantages, such as customizable strength, good fatigue resistance, higher specific strength, and corrosion resistance. Composite materials made from natural fibers, such as ramie fiber, have great potential in engineering applications, especially as reinforcement in new composite materials. Additionally, agricultural waste such as coconut frond, which is a type of solid waste resulting from coconut plantations and a by-product of the fresh fruit bunch harvesting process, also holds significant potential. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the tensile strength of natural fiber woven ramie and coconut frond (tapis), as well as the flexural strength of these materials as composites for ship hull construction, using the hand lay-up method in the composite manufacturing process. The research involved testing specimens with variations of woven ramie, coconut frond, and a combination of both. The results showed average tensile and flexural strength values for each variation, with the highest values obtained from the coconut frond (tapis) variation, which exhibited a tensile strength of 79.859 MPa and a flexural strength of 119.808 MPa.
ANALISIS DAN PERANCANGAN PENUNJANG KAPAL SECARA TERINTEGRASI
The management of people's shipping transportation has a close relationship with the management of the cargo condition information system. People's shipping currently still uses a traditional information system due to the lack of facilities that support goods delivery activities. There are users who leave it because it is not practical and trust in the condition of their goods. Users can only wait for news through face-to-face and telephone calls, so they cannot know for sure the condition and whereabouts of their goods. With these obstacles, supporting facilities are needed as a source of good information exchange. With these conditions, the owners of goods who want to send goods must exceed their goods, so that if there is damage or loss of the goods, they can be received by the recipient according to the amount. The ability to track and trace is very important for efforts to find out the condition of goods when shipping is carried out. Therefore, an information system was created that can be used as a tool to find out the condition of the cargo being sent. By using a cargo tracking tool in the form of a barcode scanner and website, a feasibility value of using the Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) of 1.22 was obtained.
ANALISIS STABILITAS KAPAL PENGANGKUT AMMONIA
Abstract The conversion of a Landing Craft Tank (LCT) into an ammonia carrier represents an innovative effort to support the development of a sustainable maritime industry. This study aims to evaluate the technical feasibility of converting an LCT into an ammonia transport vessel through the parent design approach. The assessment focuses on three principal aspects—lines plan, general arrangement, and intact stability analysis—using Maxsurf Stability Student Version 2024. Simulations were conducted for three loading conditions (100%, 50%, and 10%), taking into account the variations in hydrostatic parameters (KB, KG, BM, and GM). The results indicate that all loading conditions satisfy the criteria of the IMO Intact Stability Code 2008 (MSC.267(85)), with corrected GMt values ranging from 2.36 to 2.81 m and maximum GZ values between 0.49 and 0.83 m. The analysis of the righting arm area further confirms compliance with IMO standards. For the area under the GZ curve from 0° to 30°, the obtained values are 10.992 m·deg (100%), 14.487 m·deg (50%), and 17.136 m·deg (10%). For the range 0°–40°, the results are 15.566 m·deg (100%), 20.878 m·deg (50%), and 25.019 m·deg (10%), while for the range 30°–40°, the values are 4.573 m·deg, 6.391 m·deg, and 7.883 m·deg, respectively. The maximum righting arm (GZmax) was found to be 0.492 m for the 100% load case, 0.677 m for 50%, and 0.829 m for 10%. The ammonia cargo is stored in cylindrical tanks equipped with individual safety frames, totaling 176 cylinders with a combined cargo weight of 32 tons. The differences in stability tendencies among the load cases are primarily attributed to variations in weight distribution, as the ammonia and ballast tanks are positioned on the upper deck. This study is limited to the evaluation of intact stability, without considering damage stability or wave-induced effects. Future research is recommended to optimize the spatial arrangement of ammonia cylinders and to assess the vessel’s stability under wave-induced conditions.
STUDI REDESIGN INTERIOR KAPAL FERRY RO-RO KMP. JATRA II UNTUK PENINGKATAN MINAT PENUMPANG
Ro-Ro ferries are a widely preferred mode of maritime transportation, leading to intense competition in inter-island ferry services. KMP. Jatra II is a Ro-Ro ferry operated by PT. ASDP Indonesia Ferry (Persero), with a gross tonnage of 3,902 GT, a length overall (LOA) of 90.79 m, a beam of 15.6 m, a height of 5 m, and a draft of 3.8 m. This study focuses on the interior redesign of KMP. Jatra II to increase passenger interest in ASDP’s services on the Ketapang – Lembar route, which is currently served by seven competing vessels. Given its age-over 44 years, the ferry is considered outdated in terms of comfort and facilities, making it a candidate for refurbishment. The research methodology includes a literature review, data collection, layout redesign, 3D modeling, and rendering. The proposed interior design aims to enhance comfort and functionality while blending modern and traditional aesthetics. The redesign focuses on the passenger deck, particularly the economy class, lavatory, corridors, and business class areas. Importantly, the proposed modifications do not involve structural changes to the ship’s superstructure. Therefore, renovations are limited to visual and functional upgrades such as furniture replacement, air-conditioning installation, color scheme updates, and lavatory improvements. This approach ensures the project remains cost-effective and feasible.
PERUBAHAN MESIN PENGGERAK UTAMA KAPAL TUGBOAT SJP 01 TERHADAP KECEPATAN KAPAL
The tugboat SJP 01 is a ship owned by PT Sinar Haluan Samudera which functions to push barges loaded with coal. This ship originally used a Nissan diesel 8DC10 300hp x 2 engine and a B4-85 type propeller. Over time, this engine often broke down so it was replaced with a new engine, a Mitsubishi S6A3 MPTK 600hp x 2 type and a B4-70 propeller. Apart from reducing the level of damage, engine replacement is expected to increase the speed from the initial speed. During the sea trial, this engine change only achieved a speed of 12 knots or an increase of 20% from the initial speed. As for the calculation results of various speed schemes A, B, C and D which are appropriate and effective, namely scheme A which gets 12 knots from each propeller giving a speed of 6 knots
ANALISA KEKUATAN PIPA ELBOW 450 TERHADAP ALIRAN FLUIDA MINYAK BAHAN BAKAR PADA KAPAL TUGBOAT
Pipa pada kapal tugboat sangat berperan penting dalam operasisnya, terutama pada pipa penyalur minyak bahan bakar ke mesin utama kapal. Dalam operasinya minyak bahan bakan disalurkan melalui pipa berbentuk elbow 450, sehingga perlu dilakukan analisa respon struktur pada pipa tersebut. Namun berdasarkan pengetahuan peneliti, masih sangat jarang yang melakukan analisa respon struktur pipa dengan mempertimbangkan proses fabrikasi pipa tersebut. Maka tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan respon struktur pipa akibat aliran fluida terhadap variasi diameter dalam dan proses fabrikasi pipa. Proses fabrikasi pipa yang dimaksud adalah proses bending dan proses pengelasan. Metode fluid-structure interaction digunakan pada penelitian ini, dimana analisa dilakukan dengan pendekatan computational fluid dynamic untuk mendapatkan distribusi tekanan pipa dan static structural untuk mendapatkan respon struktur. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa semakin kecil diameter dalam pipa maka semakin besar pula respon struktur yang terjadi pada kecepatan inlet yang sama. Pada bagian pengelasan perlu ada perhatian khusus karena distribusi tegangan yang terjadi hanya kurang 12% dari pada bagian sekitar elbow pipa. Pada peneltian selanjutnya perlu dilakukan analisa respon struktur pipa akibat adanya cacat pada saat fabrikasi dan menghitung sisa umur struktur tersebut.
ANALISIS FATIGUE LIFE TERHADAP ZONA PENGELASAN PADA STRUKTUR CHASSIS LOWBED TRAILER DENGAN METODE ELEMEN HINGGA
Sebagai struktur utama, chassis bertanggung jawab untuk menopang berat truk dan muatan yang diangkut, sehingga kekuatan dan keandalannya sangatlah penting. Beban dinamis dapat mengakibatkan terjadinya kelelahan (fatigue) yang dapat mempengaruhi umur suatu struktur. Oleh karena itu analisis fatigue berguna untuk memastikan struktur dapat mengatasi beban statis dan dinamis selama pengoperasiannya. Maka dilakukan pemodelan 3D pada main beam struktur chassis lowbed trailer menggunakan software RhinoCeros lalu dilakukan analisis dengan metode elemen hingga menggunakan software ANSYS untuk mendapatkan nilai stress range. Kemudian dilakukan perhitungan manual umur (fatigue life) pada main beam. Hasil dari simulasi ANSYS menunjukkan stress sebesar 237,90 MPa dan 277,42 MPa dengan siklus terkecil pertahunnya ialah 2920 cycles menghasilkan umur terpanjang 102,74 tahun, sedangkan nilai siklus terbesar pertahunnya ialah 4380 cycle sebesar 41,09 tahun.
DESAIN KONTRUKSI KAPAL RISET POLBENG BERBAHAN DASAR PLASTIK HDPE
The Polbeng Research Vessel is a ship owned by the Department of Naval Architecture at the Bengkalis State Polytechnic. This vessel is designed using High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) plastic material. As this is a new material in shipbuilding, further calculations and construction designs are needed in the development of the ship. The construction calculation method used refers to the regulations of Det Norske Veritas (DNV) and the Indonesian Classification Bureau (BKI). The calculation results show that the hull thickness is 10 mm, and all hull construction also uses 10 mm thick plates. The longitudinal strength of the vessel is designed with two side girders located at the bottom of the ship, and it is not equipped with a center girder.
ANALISI STABILITAS KAPAL RISET POLBENG DI PERAIRAN SEA-STATE 3
Kapal Riset Polbeng merupakan kapal yang akan di bangun oleh Politeknik Negeri Bengkalis (Polbeng) bekerjasama dengan CV. Fatih bahari Enginering. Kapal ini berbahan Plastic High Density Polyethylene (HDPE), dengan ukuran utama kapal: Panjang LOA adalah 9 meter, Lebar B adalah 2.2 meter, Tinggi H adalah 1.2 meter, dan menggunakan mesin outboat 85 HP. Studi kenyaman kapal ini dilakukan untuk melihat performa kapal terhadap peralatan dan manusia dalam menunjang kegiatan Riset yang dilakukan oleh pihak Polbeng. Stabilitas adalah hal wajib yang harus terpenuhi karena untuk menjamin keselamatan dan kenyamanan. Pada penelitian ini di kondisikan pada 2 loadcase kapal yaitu pada kondisi kapal penuh dan kondisi kapal kosong kemudian mengacu pada regulasi IMO. Analisa perhitungan stabilitas kapal dengan kondisi lightship, serta fulload. Hasil analisa pada kondisi lightship dengan 8 penumpang diperoleh nilai lengan penegak GZ max sebesar 0,82 meter pada kemiringan 500, (kualifikassi IMO tidak boleh kurang atau sama dengan 25º (deg). Sedangkan buat periode oleng tertingi pada kondisi muatan fullload dengan respon saat 0,482 second, memenuhi kriteria IMO Code A.749 (18) Ch 3 - design criteria applicable to all ship.
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN HAMBATAN KAPAL IKAN 28 GT BERDASARKAN VARIASI METODE PERHITUNGAN HAMBATAN
Penelitian ini menganalisis hambatan kapal pada kapal ikan berukuran 28 Gross Tonnage (GT) yang dibangun berdasarkan pengetahuan turun-temurun oleh pengrajinnya tanpa perhitungan teknis yang akurat, seperti koefisien kapal. Ketidakpastian dalam desain ini dapat memengaruhi hambatan kapal, yang pada gilirannya mempengaruhi penentuan daya mesin, konsumsi bahan bakar, dan ukuran mesin kapal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hambatan total kapal menggunakan metode analitik dan perangkat lunak Maxsurf student version, khususnya modul Modeler dan Resistance. Metode analitik yang digunakan meliputi metode Holtrop, Van Oortmerssen, dan Delft Series, yang dirancang untuk menghitung hambatan pada kapal ikan dan kapal kecil. Hasil perhitungan hambatan total dari masing-masing metode menunjukkan bahwa metode Holtrop menghasilkan hambatan sebesar 2,23 kN, metode Van Oortmerssen sebesar 1,765 kN, dan Delft Series sebesar 2,15 kN. Perbandingan daya mesin kapal dalam satuan horse power menunjukkan selisih antara daya mesin terpasang dengan daya mesin yang dihitung sebesar 14,11% pada metode Holtrop, 32,1% pada metode Van Oortmerssen, dan 17,16% pada Delft Series pada kecepatan 7,197 knot. Selain itu, perbandingan konsumsi bahan bakar menunjukkan bahwa metode Holtrop memprediksi konsumsi sebesar 0,32 ton, metode Van Oortmerssen sebesar 0,20 ton, dan Delft Series sebesar 0,29 ton, sementara konsumsi bahan bakar mesin terpasang adalah 0,43 ton pada kecepatan yang sama. Dari hasil perbandingan ini, metode Van Oortmerssen dinilai paling sesuai untuk diterapkan pada kapal ikan 28 GT dalam penelitian ini.