Design of Temperature Control System for Egg Incubation Based on PID

Abstract

This research aims to design and implement a PID-based temperature control system in an egg incubator. This system was developed to keep the temperature in the incubator stable at a setpoint of 37.5°C, in order to increase the success rate of egg hatching. The results show that PID control is able to maintain the incubator temperature with minimal deviation from the setpoint. Implementation of PID with tuned parameters results in a stable system response with optimal time to setpoint and minimal overshoot and temperature fluctuation. The methods used in this research include hardware design in the form of temperature sensors, lamp-based heating actuators connected to AC dimmers, and microcontrollers as processing units. In addition, PID parameter tuning using the Trial and Error method and system performance analysis through simulation and direct testing are carried out. With the application of PID control, the incubation system can maintain an optimal and stable temperature, thus supporting a more effective egg hatching process. This research shows that the use of PID control can increase the efficiency of the incubation system compared to conventional methods.