Digital Transformation and the Performance of Coastal MSMEs in Blue Economy Perspective: Systematic Literature Review

Abstract

Digital transformation plays a vital role in improving the competitiveness and sustainability of coastal Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) while supporting blue economy principles. This study examines the impact of digital transformation on coastal MSME performance through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) based on PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Articles were collected from Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science, with 20 studies selected from 128 identified records for thematic analysis. The findings indicate that digital transformation enhances operational efficiency, market access, innovation, and business competitiveness. Four major themes emerged: digital transformation and MSME performance, enabling and inhibiting factors, business sustainability, and the blue economy perspective. Digital literacy, human resource capabilities, government support, and technological infrastructure were identified as key success factors. The study proposes a conceptual framework integrating digital transformation, digital capabilities, coastal MSME performance, and blue economy principles to support sustainable coastal development.